Piles may be cast-in-situ or precast.They may be cased or uncased.īearing capacity of soil :It is defined as the maximum load per unit area which the soil will resist safely without displacementThe bearing capacity of the soil can be found by loading the soil, noting the settlement and by dividing the maximum load by the area on which the load is applied. Concrete can be moulded to any shape and hence a concrete footing may be a sloping one to provide sufficient spread.ĭeep foundationsloads are supported in two ways.If the load is supported by the effect of friction between the soil and the pile skin, it is called friction pile.Friction piles may be made of cast iron, cement concrete, timber, steel, wrought iron and composite materials.If the load is supported by resting the pile on a very hard stratum, it is called load bearing pile.Load bearing piles are steel sheet piles, concrete piles and timber piles. ISOLATED FOUNDATIONIn framed structures where several columns are to be constructed, isolated footings can be adopted.The columns involved can be provided with masonry or concrete footing.If masonry footing is provided, steps are given and the foundation area is thus increased so that the stresses developed at the base is within the limit.
Soil pressure distribution in cohesive soil. Objectives of a foundation :A foundation is provided for the following purposes:To distribute the total load coming on the structure on a larger area.To support the structures.To give enough stability to the structures against various disturbing forces, such as wind and rain.To prepare a level surface for concreting and masonry workĮssential requirements of a good foundation:The foundation should be so located that it is able to resist any unexpected future influence which may adversely affect its performance.The foundation should be stable or safe against any possible failure.The foundation should not settle or deflect to such an extent that will impair its usefulnessĭistribution of Soil PressureSoil pressure distribution in non-cohesive soil. Generally about 30% of the total construction cost is spent on the foundation.The soil on which the foundation rests is called the foundation soil. FOUNDATIONNAME: SNEHA COUTINHOSUBJECT: A.B.C.M.YEAR: T.Y.B.ARCH ABHARATI VIDYAPEETH C.O.A.įOUNDATIONA structure essentially consists of two parts, namely the super structure which is above the plinth level and the substructure which is below the plinth level.Substructure is otherwise known as the foundation and this forms the base for any structure.